佛法双语工作坊经典连载：佛说四十二章经第36章（2）

法师讲解：36-2 展轉獲勝

Commentary: Advancing to perfection progressively

Let's continue with the Ten Fulfilments. These are important conditions needed for Buddhism learning:

1. Being born as a human being, rather than other beings of the six paths;

2. Being born in the middle kingdom where Buddhism flourishes;

1. 生而为人：即不生于其它的六道。

2. 生于中国：生于佛法兴盛的地方。

3. 诸根具足：身体没有残疾或智障。

4. 业未颠倒：不会因为过去的业力导致背离善道，为非作歹。

5. 正信：对佛法有信心，知道佛法是帮助我们脱离痛苦的妙药。

这前五个都是属于自身的条件。

6. Emergence of Buddhas: Buddhas only emerge in a certain designated time and space. That means those who were born before the Buddha or after the expiry of the Dharma would have no opportunity to encounter Buddhism. Also, there is no Buddha in the North Continent - Uttarakuru.

7. The true Dharma being taught: according to the Lalitavistara Sutra, after enlightenment Buddha Sakyamuni realized that secular people were too obstinate to convert, so he initially decided to enter into nirvana quickly. Fortunately, the Lord of the Mahabrahman Heaven made a plea for teaching the Dharma, so the Buddha agreed to stay on to preach. 

8. Abidance of the Dharma: even though the Buddha had taught the Dharma, the existence of the Dharma has a time limit.

9. Dharma dissemination: one needs a virtuous mentor who can provide appropriate guidance according to one’s potential.

10. Benevolence from others: Gain support from wholesome benefactors. This is especially important to monastics.

The last five points above are external factors. 

7. 说正法：按《方广大庄严经》，释迦牟尼佛初证悟后因世人愚昧难化，本想速入涅槃，幸得大梵天祈请佛陀讲法，佛陀才住世宣讲佛法。 

8. 教法住世：佛虽然已经讲法，但佛法住世的时间是有限的。

9. 住法随转：遇到善知识能随顺众生根器因机教化。

10. 有他悲悯：获得有善根的施主供养, 这对僧众来说特别重要。

后五个属于外界的条件。

According to the Samyuktagama Sutra, once the Buddha was preaching to his disciples. He pinched a little bit of dirt from the ground to make a metaphor; the population of human being is as minute as the amount of dirt in his finger nail whereas the population of the rest of the six paths is as massive as the amount of dirt on the ground. Similarly, the opportunity for being born in the middle kingdom where Buddhism flourishes is so rare. Therefore we can imagine how precious our opportunity for Buddhism learning is! 

讲解 | 释宏添   北京天开寺