佛法双语工作坊经典连载：佛说四十二章经（第1章）--四柱八字,命理,八字命理,六爻占卜,命理百科-寅午文化

天开寺宽见法师

The Sutra of Forty-two Chapters -1

佛說四十二章經第1章

後漢西域沙門迦葉摩騰竺法蘭同譯

Translated jointly by Indian Sramana Kasyapa Matanga and Dharmaraksa in the Later Han Dynasty

△ 中文 | 梭罗木木英文 | 弘惠 01 : 21 开始

第1章出家證果

Ordination and Attainment

佛言。辭親出家。識心達本。解無為法。名曰沙門。

The Buddha said: "Those who leave their parents, go out of the home, understand the mind, reach the source, and comprehend the immaterial, are called Sramana.

常行二百五十戒。進止清淨。為四真道行。成阿羅漢。

Those who observe the two hundred and fifty precepts of morality, who are pure and spotless in their behavior, and who exert themselves for the attainment of the four fruits of saintship, are called Arhats.

阿羅漢者。能飛行變化。曠劫壽命。住動天地。

The Arhat is able to fly through space and assume different forms; his life is eternal, and there are times when he causes heaven and earth to quake.

次為阿那含。阿那含者。壽終靈神上十九天。證阿羅漢。

Next is the Anagamin. At the end of his life, the spirit of the Anagamin ascends to the nineteenth heaven and obtains Arhatship.

次為斯陀含。斯陀含者。一上一還。即得阿羅漢。

Next is the Sakradagamin. The Sakradagamin ascends to the heavens [after his death], comes back to the earth once more, and then attains Arhatship.

次為須陀洹。須陀洹者。七死七生。便證阿羅漢。

Next is the Srotaapanna. The Srotaapanna dies seven times and is born seven times, when he finally attains Arhatship.

愛欲斷者。如四肢斷。不復用之。

By the severance of the passions is meant that like the limbs severed they are never again made use of.

英文版经文转载自菩提字幕屋，英译者 D.T. Suzuki

English version sourced from Bodhi Fansubs, translated by D.T. Suzuki

△ 英文 | 释宏添中文 | 梭罗木木 02 : 02 开始

法师讲解

Commentary: Ordination and attainment

The ultimate goal of Hinayana is self-liberation. Followers basically practise the four noble truths to eliminate their desires, and become enlightened regarding the nature of selflessness, thus eradicating the cause of life and death. Nevertheless, there are different levels of attainment during the course of practice, naming from the first degree of attainment to the forth degree of final attainment.

小乘佛法是以个人解脱为目标，主要是透过修学四圣谛，去除贪爱等欲望, 证悟人无我空性，最终断除生死之根。然而在修学的道路上有功夫深浅的区别，所证之果从初果到终极四果不等。

The first degree of attainment is called Srotaapanna, or stream enterer, which is the beginning attainment under Hinayana. After the attainment, one will continue to be reborn between heaven and human realms for seven times in the course of Samsara before becoming an Arhat finally. Arhatship is the ultimate attainment under Hinayana. Those who have attained Arhatship will quit cyclic rebirth forever, and can exercise supernatural powers freely.

初果是须陀洹，又称预流果，是小乘最初的果位，证果后继续轮回于天上及人间，经七次往返，最终成阿罗汉。阿罗汉是小乘的终极果位，证果的人死后永断生死轮回，神通自在。

The second degree of attainment is called Sakradagamin, or once returner. Those who have attained it will need to be reborn in heaven and human realms for one more round before becoming an Arhat.

二果是斯陀含，又称一还，证果后再轮回升天一次、生人间一次，就可以证得阿罗汉果。

The third degree of attainment is called Anagamin, or non-returner. Those who have attained this will be reborn in heaven after death, and they will not return to the human realm under Samsara. Instead they will attain arhatship in heaven.

三果是阿那含，又称不还，证果的人死后生天，不再轮回到人间，在天上证阿罗汉果。

Besides, under Hinayana some people practise the twelve links of dependent origination to become a Pratyekabuddha. This is a separate branch of practice of Hinayana, and such attainment is one level higher than Arhatship, even though it has not reached Buddhahood.

除此外，小乘更有修学十二因缘最终成为辟支佛的，这是小乘的另一分支，地位比阿罗汉更高一级，但尚未达到佛陀的果位。

讲解 | 释宏添北京天开寺

By Bhiksu Hong Tian, Tiankai Temple